TASS: Two Years, Two Hundred Thousand Stars, and Counting

Michael Richmond (RIT), Tom Droege (FNAL), Chris Albertson, Arne Henden (USRA/USNO), Glenn Gombert, Herb Johnson, Ron Wickersham (TASS), Nick Beser, Marty Pittinger, Bernie Kluga (JHU/APL), and a cast of tens.

Who are we? A collection of astronomers, mostly amateurs, working together informally and communicating over the Internet. None of us receives any money for the effort we put into our survey, and we are not supported by any money from the US government. This project is our hobby, really.

What are we doing? Mapping bright stars, of sixth to fourteenth magnitude, in a region around the celestial equator. We measure the position and brightness of each star in several different passbands (Johnson V and Johnson-Cousins R and I) Our goal is to place all of our measurements into a single database which anyone may access via the World-Wide Web.

How do we do it? Tom Droege has built 7 "triplets", each of which contains 3 Kodak KAF-0400 CCD cameras on a single mount. He has distributed them to members around the country, who place them in their backyards and point them at the celestial equator. Each camera makes a continuous drift-scan image of the sky. We have written software to identify stellar sources and measure their properties.

Does it work? Look at the rest of this poster and decide for yourself.


Status

Currently working on ...

Coming soon ... the TASS Mark IV

Tom Droege is currently constructing the first of a series of new CCD cameras: the Mark IV. Built around a Loral 2Kx2K chip, the Mark IV will have a field of view of about 6 degrees. Unlike the Mark III, it will be operated in point-and-shoot mode, so we are designing a mount and control system for it. The Mark IV will be able to view all areas of the sky overhead, not just the strip around the celestial equator. It will reach about fourteenth magnitude from backyard sites.


Results from The Amateur Sky Survey

We haven't quite filled in a complete strip around the celestial equator. The figure below shows the distribution of one star in every fifty in our catalog. As you can see, there is a gap between Right Ascensions of 180 to 260 degrees. We will try to fill in that gap this autumn.

Our cameras can measure accurately the properties of stars between seventh and fourteenth magnitude. We scan the sky in three passbands: V, R and I. Only one triplet has an "R" filter, so there are fewer observations in it than in V or I. Note that the V-band measurements reach to a slightly larger magnitude than R or I.

What is the use of all this information? One thing we can do is study variable stars -- stars which brighten and fade over periods of a few hours to a few days. TASS is best suited to measuring stars with periods of several weeks or months. In addition to measuring the brightness of variable stars, we can improve the positions of many stars in old catalogs of variables.

First, take a look at TASS measurements of stars which have been discovered to vary by previous surveys: R Ceti, X Ceti, Z Ceti, DH Orionis and FN Orionis.

But TASS has also discovered some stars which are previously-unknown variables. We need to acquire more observations of each of the candidates below (another year should help a lot), but these are just a small fraction of all the new variable stars which we can pull out of our database. It will be a lot easier after we perform a final photometric calibration.

Here's a list of new variable-star candidates; it is by no means exhaustive or complete.

# new variable star candidates from the Dayton TASS dataset
# 
# coordinates are equinox J2000.  Listed magnitudes are those of
# the first detection of the star (not the mean value).
# 
#    RA       Dec          V       I           comments 
   0.4112   -3.7564      12.71    9.67       LPV, period ~120 days
   0.5812   -1.5154      14.52   13.64     
   2.3474   -1.5749      14.29   13.88     
   2.9506   -1.4379      11.23   10.28     
   7.0912   -2.3230      14.59   14.08     
  11.2894   -2.2661      14.35   14.18     
  14.6167   -1.6636       7.71    6.73     
  14.8471   -4.2818      12.64   11.78       short period
  15.4730   -2.5412      13.88   13.50     
  40.0094   -2.9301      10.29    9.80     
  40.6497   -3.0734      12.79    9.15     
  42.2359   -4.0906      10.14    9.32     
  44.0787   -2.3482       9.61    8.99     
  45.5023   -2.9403       8.95    8.42     
  45.5464   -3.9596      10.11    9.37     
 292.7657   -2.6774      11.27    7.58     
 294.8458   -4.4109      11.06    7.54     
 295.7640   -4.1515      13.15    9.01     
 295.8184   -3.3978      13.71   10.06       LPV, amp > 1 mag in V
 299.6186   -2.4580      12.91    9.27       LPV, amp > 1 mag in V
 299.9719   -3.9990      13.32    7.22     
 305.3077   -4.2125      10.04    6.86     
 305.5477   -2.3577      14.27   13.86     
 305.7769   -3.6896      11.84    8.28     
 308.7154   -2.7153      12.31    8.12       period ~80? days
 310.7576   -1.7471       9.60    7.13     
 312.0801   -2.2664      12.75    9.32     
 313.8522   -2.3609      11.79    9.38     
 314.7909   -4.1855       8.65    7.89     
 315.1558   -1.8752      13.93   12.91     
 315.3574   -3.8867      11.43    8.32     
 315.7433   -1.6308      10.24    7.79     
 315.8776   -3.6964      10.81    9.48     
 315.9872   -2.1676      10.14    9.43       LPV, small amplitude?
 317.2910   -2.5739      10.87    8.68     
 317.4305   -2.3398      11.33   10.35     
 317.9650   -1.7527      10.78    8.49     
 322.3323   -2.2350      12.44    9.52     
 323.5841   -2.4658      10.98    8.58     
 326.9826   -2.6153      11.07    8.21     
 327.7030   -3.0308      13.80   12.81     
 328.1159   -1.9146      14.47   13.57     
 328.4519   -3.1744       9.76    8.23     
 328.8980   -3.0120      10.43    9.62     
 329.3700   -4.1722      10.68    6.71       LPV
 330.3240   -3.5130      14.56   13.24     
 334.1850   -2.5185      11.03    9.44     
 334.2107   -3.7786      12.75    9.62     
 338.8844   -2.9418       7.99    6.88     
 339.5198   -2.0895      10.66    9.68     
 340.5238   -3.4441      11.27   10.74       relatively sharp peak?
 341.3167   -2.2268      12.83   12.00     
 348.3155   -2.7363      11.34    7.63     
 348.8592   -2.8784      13.86   12.88     
 350.6029   -2.2283      11.51   10.25       small amplitude?
 357.6848   -3.1220      14.18   14.18     
 357.8123   -2.7639      12.94   10.62